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Tripoli Citadel — Attraction in Tripoli

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Tripoli Citadel
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Qala'at Tarablus in Arabic, is an ancient citadel and fort on a hilltop in Tripoli, Lebanon. Once known as The Citadel of Raymond de Saint-Gilles or Qala'at Sanjil and also as Mons Peregrinus, it takes its name from Raymond of Saint-Gilles, a Crusader commander who was a key player in its enlargement.
Nearby attractions
Al Mansouri Great Mosque
CRMR+RXX, Tripoli, Lebanon
ساحة التل
Tripoli, Lebanon
Taynal Mosque
CRJQ+93P, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Tripoli Citadel things to do, attractions, restaurants, events info and trip planning
Tripoli Citadel
LebanonNorth GovernorateTripoliTripoli Citadel

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Tripoli Citadel

CRMV+9R6, Tripoli, Lebanon
4.5(1.1K)
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Qala'at Tarablus in Arabic, is an ancient citadel and fort on a hilltop in Tripoli, Lebanon. Once known as The Citadel of Raymond de Saint-Gilles or Qala'at Sanjil and also as Mons Peregrinus, it takes its name from Raymond of Saint-Gilles, a Crusader commander who was a key player in its enlargement.

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attractions: Al Mansouri Great Mosque, ساحة التل, Taynal Mosque, restaurants:
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Mon9 AM - 5 PMClosed

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Nearby attractions of Tripoli Citadel

Al Mansouri Great Mosque

ساحة التل

Taynal Mosque

Al Mansouri Great Mosque

Al Mansouri Great Mosque

4.7

(278)

Closed
Click for details
ساحة التل

ساحة التل

4.1

(166)

Open 24 hours
Click for details
Taynal Mosque

Taynal Mosque

4.7

(451)

Open 24 hours
Click for details

Things to do nearby

AI Engineering for Java Developers with Omar Chaaban
AI Engineering for Java Developers with Omar Chaaban
Sat, Dec 13 • 11:30 AM
Masahet Nour - مساحة نور, Halim Abou Ezzeddine, Tarablus 1300, Lebanon
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Elie ChatryElie Chatry
The citadel of Tripoli was built by Raymon De Saint-Gilles, governor of Tripoli, in 1103 on the emplacement of the castle of Saint-Gilles. When the Mont Pèlerin quarter was set ablaze by the Mamluks in 1289, the castle of Saint-Gilles suffered from the holocaust and stood abandoned on the hilltop for the next eighteen years. It was essential to have an adequate stronghold in Tripoli for the sultan’s troops, temporarily garrisoned in Hisn al-Akrád (Krak des Chevaliers), as the distance was too great in case of enemy attack. The governor therefore chose the emplacement of the gutted Crusader castle on the hill, incorporating what he could in his citadel, and made use of Roman column shafts and other building material he found nearby. Many of the interior walls, ramps and terraces of the citadel seen today were built in his time. Abou’l Fidá and Ibn al-Wardi record that, among the important events which took place in the year A.H 746 (1345), was the promulgation of a military decree which was set up by order of the Mamluk Sultan al-Kamil Sha'ban in the citadels of Aleppo, Tripoli, Hisn al-Akrâd and other fortified places. The decree, put over the second entrance way of the citadel of Tripoli, is by far the best preserved. Apparently this sultan, who lived a life of luxury and debauch, was in constant need of extra revenues. In order to fill his depleted treasury, he imposed a heavy registration tax upon all feudal land concessions and appropriations. This tax was unpopular and was obviously going to stir up discontent among his subjects. To forestall any uprising and gain the support of his troops, upon whom his power was based he issued this military decree. It was the custom that a Mamluk soldier, under contract for a specified number of years, received an annual gratuity which amounted to slightly over eleven days extra pay. If the soldier died before the end of his contract, the sultan had the right to claim the extra sum of money which had accumulated during the soldier's years of service. Sha'bán abandoned his rights to this claim, once and for all, hoping thus to enlist the support of his troops. In 1516, Syria and Egypt fell to the Ottoman Sultan Selim I. His son and successor Suleiman I, called the Magnificent (1520-1566), soon after his accession made an inspection tour of his newly conquered lands. He gathered about him in Damascus all his provincial governors and on this occasion took the decision to rebuild the great citadel of Tripoli. Over the entrance portal, the sultan commemorated this important restoration work with an inscription: "In the name of Allah, it has been decreed by the royal sultan’s order, al Malik al-Muzuffar Sultan Suleiman Shah, son of Sultan Selim Shah, may his orders never cease to be obeyed by the emirs, that this blessed citadel be restored so as to be a fortified stronghold for all time. Its construction was completed in the blessed month of Sha’bân of the year 927 (July 1521) In the years that followed, various Ottoman governors of Tripoli did restoration work on the citadel to suit their needs and with time the medieval crenelated battlements were destroyed in order to open sally ports for cannons. In the early 19th century, the citadel was extensively restored by the Ottoman governor of Tripoli Mustafa Agha Barbar. Very little of the original Crusader structure has survived until this day. The graves of a number of nameless Frankish knights, here and there, are the only bits of evidence today evocative of their presence on the heights of Tripoli's "Pilgrim's Mountain" many centuries ago.
Fadia AmryeFadia Amrye
⸻ 🏰 قلعة طرابلس – شاهدة على حضارات عريقة تُعد قلعة طرابلس أكبر القلاع الحربية في لبنان وأقدمها، حيث تعانق تاريخًا عريقًا مرّ عليه العديد من الحضارات. تأسست عام 636م على يد القائد العربي سفيان بن مجيب الأزدي. وفي أوائل القرن الحادي عشر، بنى فيها الفاطميون مسجدًا، ثم شيّد القائد الصليبي ريموند دي سان جيل حصنًا فوقها عام 1103م، وأصبحت تُعرف باسم قلعة سان جيل أو صنجيل نسبةً إليه. خلال عهد المماليك، قام الأمير أستدمر الكرجي بتحويل الحصن إلى قلعة عسكرية متكاملة سنة 1307م، وأضاف إليها أبراجًا ومرافق جديدة. لاحقًا، أضاف السلطان العثماني سليمان بن سليم الأول البرج الشمالي وبنى فيه باب القلعة الرئيسي. 📍 تتميز القلعة بموقعها الاستراتيجي على رأس تلة صخرية تطل على مدينة طرابلس والبحر الأبيض المتوسط، ما منحها دورًا دفاعيًا بارزًا. 🔸 تتألف القلعة من 4 طبقات، يبلغ طولها حوالي 130 مترًا وعرضها 70 مترًا، وتضم: • حمامًا أثريًا • كنيسة قديمة • 3 مساجد • سجن • إسطبلات للخيول • قاعات للقادة والجنود • غرف ذخيرة ومدفعية • آبار وخزانات مياه وأحواض شرب • مقابر وباحات تدريب • أكثر من 100 حجرة متنوعة • نحو 10 أبواب سفلية تؤدي إلى النهر أو إلى الأسواق الداخلية • نوافذ مخصصة للمدفعية • نقوش وزخارف تجسّد المراحل التي مرت بها القلعة اليوم، تُعد قلعة طرابلس من أبرز المعالم التاريخية في لبنان، ومقصدًا مهمًا للزوار من مختلف أنحاء العالم. توفر إطلالات بانورامية خلابة على المدينة والبحر، وتروي من خلال جدرانها وممراتها قصصًا مدفونة في كل زاوية. الكثير من الغرف والممرات ما زالت تنتظرك لتكتشفها بنفسك… لا تفوّت زيارتها! 🏰 Citadel of Tripoli – A Witness to Ancient Civilizations The Citadel of Tripoli is the largest and oldest military fortress in Lebanon, standing as a timeless witness to the many civilizations that have passed through this region. It was originally founded in 636 AD by the Arab commander Sufyan ibn Mujib Al-Azdi. In the early 11th century, the Fatimids built a mosque within its walls, and later, in 1103 AD, the Crusader Raymond de Saint-Gilles constructed a fortress on top of it, giving it the name Citadel of Saint Gilles (Qal’at Sanjil). During the Mamluk period, Prince Esnedemur Al-Kurji transformed the structure into a full-scale military citadel in 1307, adding new towers and defensive facilities. Later, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I, son of Selim I, added the northern tower, which includes the main entrance gate to the citadel. 📍 Strategically built atop a rocky hill, the citadel overlooks Tripoli and the Mediterranean Sea, making it a historically significant defensive stronghold. 🔸 The citadel consists of four levels, stretching 130 meters in length and 70 meters in width, and includes: • A historical bathhouse • An old church • Three mosques • A prison • Stables for horses • Halls for commanders and soldiers • Storage rooms for weapons and artillery • Wells, cisterns, and drinking basins • Tombs and training courtyards • Over 100 chambers of various sizes • Nearly 10 lower gates, some leading to the river, others to the old souks • Artillery windows • Intricate carvings and inscriptions reflecting the citadel’s rich history Today, the Citadel of Tripoli stands as one of Lebanon’s most important historical landmarks and attracts visitors from around the world. With breathtaking panoramic views of the city and sea, it tells ancient stories through its stones and passageways. Many rooms and hidden paths still await discovery… Don’t miss the chance to explore it!
samer nohrasamer nohra
The biggest crusader fort in Lebanon overlooking the beautiful Tripoli situated next to the street markets. Usually overlooked by people visiting the city like many other historical spots in the city. The fort was built over many centuries occupied and than refortified and occupied again even by the Syrians. It serves now as the headquarters of the Lebanese army. Two separate museums are located inside which shed more light on the history and that of other locations in Akkar region. And in other places roman tombs and pillars are laying around. The visit can take around 1 hour and one must mind the dangerous high places especially if kids are visiting as well. The best part about about visiting this place is the lesser crowds.
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The citadel of Tripoli was built by Raymon De Saint-Gilles, governor of Tripoli, in 1103 on the emplacement of the castle of Saint-Gilles. When the Mont Pèlerin quarter was set ablaze by the Mamluks in 1289, the castle of Saint-Gilles suffered from the holocaust and stood abandoned on the hilltop for the next eighteen years. It was essential to have an adequate stronghold in Tripoli for the sultan’s troops, temporarily garrisoned in Hisn al-Akrád (Krak des Chevaliers), as the distance was too great in case of enemy attack. The governor therefore chose the emplacement of the gutted Crusader castle on the hill, incorporating what he could in his citadel, and made use of Roman column shafts and other building material he found nearby. Many of the interior walls, ramps and terraces of the citadel seen today were built in his time. Abou’l Fidá and Ibn al-Wardi record that, among the important events which took place in the year A.H 746 (1345), was the promulgation of a military decree which was set up by order of the Mamluk Sultan al-Kamil Sha'ban in the citadels of Aleppo, Tripoli, Hisn al-Akrâd and other fortified places. The decree, put over the second entrance way of the citadel of Tripoli, is by far the best preserved. Apparently this sultan, who lived a life of luxury and debauch, was in constant need of extra revenues. In order to fill his depleted treasury, he imposed a heavy registration tax upon all feudal land concessions and appropriations. This tax was unpopular and was obviously going to stir up discontent among his subjects. To forestall any uprising and gain the support of his troops, upon whom his power was based he issued this military decree. It was the custom that a Mamluk soldier, under contract for a specified number of years, received an annual gratuity which amounted to slightly over eleven days extra pay. If the soldier died before the end of his contract, the sultan had the right to claim the extra sum of money which had accumulated during the soldier's years of service. Sha'bán abandoned his rights to this claim, once and for all, hoping thus to enlist the support of his troops. In 1516, Syria and Egypt fell to the Ottoman Sultan Selim I. His son and successor Suleiman I, called the Magnificent (1520-1566), soon after his accession made an inspection tour of his newly conquered lands. He gathered about him in Damascus all his provincial governors and on this occasion took the decision to rebuild the great citadel of Tripoli. Over the entrance portal, the sultan commemorated this important restoration work with an inscription: "In the name of Allah, it has been decreed by the royal sultan’s order, al Malik al-Muzuffar Sultan Suleiman Shah, son of Sultan Selim Shah, may his orders never cease to be obeyed by the emirs, that this blessed citadel be restored so as to be a fortified stronghold for all time. Its construction was completed in the blessed month of Sha’bân of the year 927 (July 1521) In the years that followed, various Ottoman governors of Tripoli did restoration work on the citadel to suit their needs and with time the medieval crenelated battlements were destroyed in order to open sally ports for cannons. In the early 19th century, the citadel was extensively restored by the Ottoman governor of Tripoli Mustafa Agha Barbar. Very little of the original Crusader structure has survived until this day. The graves of a number of nameless Frankish knights, here and there, are the only bits of evidence today evocative of their presence on the heights of Tripoli's "Pilgrim's Mountain" many centuries ago.
Elie Chatry

Elie Chatry

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⸻ 🏰 قلعة طرابلس – شاهدة على حضارات عريقة تُعد قلعة طرابلس أكبر القلاع الحربية في لبنان وأقدمها، حيث تعانق تاريخًا عريقًا مرّ عليه العديد من الحضارات. تأسست عام 636م على يد القائد العربي سفيان بن مجيب الأزدي. وفي أوائل القرن الحادي عشر، بنى فيها الفاطميون مسجدًا، ثم شيّد القائد الصليبي ريموند دي سان جيل حصنًا فوقها عام 1103م، وأصبحت تُعرف باسم قلعة سان جيل أو صنجيل نسبةً إليه. خلال عهد المماليك، قام الأمير أستدمر الكرجي بتحويل الحصن إلى قلعة عسكرية متكاملة سنة 1307م، وأضاف إليها أبراجًا ومرافق جديدة. لاحقًا، أضاف السلطان العثماني سليمان بن سليم الأول البرج الشمالي وبنى فيه باب القلعة الرئيسي. 📍 تتميز القلعة بموقعها الاستراتيجي على رأس تلة صخرية تطل على مدينة طرابلس والبحر الأبيض المتوسط، ما منحها دورًا دفاعيًا بارزًا. 🔸 تتألف القلعة من 4 طبقات، يبلغ طولها حوالي 130 مترًا وعرضها 70 مترًا، وتضم: • حمامًا أثريًا • كنيسة قديمة • 3 مساجد • سجن • إسطبلات للخيول • قاعات للقادة والجنود • غرف ذخيرة ومدفعية • آبار وخزانات مياه وأحواض شرب • مقابر وباحات تدريب • أكثر من 100 حجرة متنوعة • نحو 10 أبواب سفلية تؤدي إلى النهر أو إلى الأسواق الداخلية • نوافذ مخصصة للمدفعية • نقوش وزخارف تجسّد المراحل التي مرت بها القلعة اليوم، تُعد قلعة طرابلس من أبرز المعالم التاريخية في لبنان، ومقصدًا مهمًا للزوار من مختلف أنحاء العالم. توفر إطلالات بانورامية خلابة على المدينة والبحر، وتروي من خلال جدرانها وممراتها قصصًا مدفونة في كل زاوية. الكثير من الغرف والممرات ما زالت تنتظرك لتكتشفها بنفسك… لا تفوّت زيارتها! 🏰 Citadel of Tripoli – A Witness to Ancient Civilizations The Citadel of Tripoli is the largest and oldest military fortress in Lebanon, standing as a timeless witness to the many civilizations that have passed through this region. It was originally founded in 636 AD by the Arab commander Sufyan ibn Mujib Al-Azdi. In the early 11th century, the Fatimids built a mosque within its walls, and later, in 1103 AD, the Crusader Raymond de Saint-Gilles constructed a fortress on top of it, giving it the name Citadel of Saint Gilles (Qal’at Sanjil). During the Mamluk period, Prince Esnedemur Al-Kurji transformed the structure into a full-scale military citadel in 1307, adding new towers and defensive facilities. Later, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I, son of Selim I, added the northern tower, which includes the main entrance gate to the citadel. 📍 Strategically built atop a rocky hill, the citadel overlooks Tripoli and the Mediterranean Sea, making it a historically significant defensive stronghold. 🔸 The citadel consists of four levels, stretching 130 meters in length and 70 meters in width, and includes: • A historical bathhouse • An old church • Three mosques • A prison • Stables for horses • Halls for commanders and soldiers • Storage rooms for weapons and artillery • Wells, cisterns, and drinking basins • Tombs and training courtyards • Over 100 chambers of various sizes • Nearly 10 lower gates, some leading to the river, others to the old souks • Artillery windows • Intricate carvings and inscriptions reflecting the citadel’s rich history Today, the Citadel of Tripoli stands as one of Lebanon’s most important historical landmarks and attracts visitors from around the world. With breathtaking panoramic views of the city and sea, it tells ancient stories through its stones and passageways. Many rooms and hidden paths still await discovery… Don’t miss the chance to explore it!
Fadia Amrye

Fadia Amrye

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The biggest crusader fort in Lebanon overlooking the beautiful Tripoli situated next to the street markets. Usually overlooked by people visiting the city like many other historical spots in the city. The fort was built over many centuries occupied and than refortified and occupied again even by the Syrians. It serves now as the headquarters of the Lebanese army. Two separate museums are located inside which shed more light on the history and that of other locations in Akkar region. And in other places roman tombs and pillars are laying around. The visit can take around 1 hour and one must mind the dangerous high places especially if kids are visiting as well. The best part about about visiting this place is the lesser crowds.
samer nohra

samer nohra

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Reviews of Tripoli Citadel

4.5
(1,061)
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5.0
7y

The citadel of Tripoli was built by Raymon De Saint-Gilles, governor of Tripoli, in 1103 on the emplacement of the castle of Saint-Gilles. When the Mont Pèlerin quarter was set ablaze by the Mamluks in 1289, the castle of Saint-Gilles suffered from the holocaust and stood abandoned on the hilltop for the next eighteen years. It was essential to have an adequate stronghold in Tripoli for the sultan’s troops, temporarily garrisoned in Hisn al-Akrád (Krak des Chevaliers), as the distance was too great in case of enemy attack. The governor therefore chose the emplacement of the gutted Crusader castle on the hill, incorporating what he could in his citadel, and made use of Roman column shafts and other building material he found nearby. Many of the interior walls, ramps and terraces of the citadel seen today were built in his time.

Abou’l Fidá and Ibn al-Wardi record that, among the important events which took place in the year A.H 746 (1345), was the promulgation of a military decree which was set up by order of the Mamluk Sultan al-Kamil Sha'ban in the citadels of Aleppo, Tripoli, Hisn al-Akrâd and other fortified places. The decree, put over the second entrance way of the citadel of Tripoli, is by far the best preserved. Apparently this sultan, who lived a life of luxury and debauch, was in constant need of extra revenues. In order to fill his depleted treasury, he imposed a heavy registration tax upon all feudal land concessions and appropriations. This tax was unpopular and was obviously going to stir up discontent among his subjects. To forestall any uprising and gain the support of his troops, upon whom his power was based he issued this military decree. It was the custom that a Mamluk soldier, under contract for a specified number of years, received an annual gratuity which amounted to slightly over eleven days extra pay. If the soldier died before the end of his contract, the sultan had the right to claim the extra sum of money which had accumulated during the soldier's years of service. Sha'bán abandoned his rights to this claim, once and for all, hoping thus to enlist the support of his troops.

In 1516, Syria and Egypt fell to the Ottoman Sultan Selim I. His son and successor Suleiman I, called the Magnificent (1520-1566), soon after his accession made an inspection tour of his newly conquered lands. He gathered about him in Damascus all his provincial governors and on this occasion took the decision to rebuild the great citadel of Tripoli. Over the entrance portal, the sultan commemorated this important restoration work with an inscription: "In the name of Allah, it has been decreed by the royal sultan’s order, al Malik al-Muzuffar Sultan Suleiman Shah, son of Sultan Selim Shah, may his orders never cease to be obeyed by the emirs, that this blessed citadel be restored so as to be a fortified stronghold for all time. Its construction was completed in the blessed month of Sha’bân of the year 927 (July 1521)

In the years that followed, various Ottoman governors of Tripoli did restoration work on the citadel to suit their needs and with time the medieval crenelated battlements were destroyed in order to open sally ports for cannons. In the early 19th century, the citadel was extensively restored by the Ottoman governor of Tripoli Mustafa Agha Barbar. Very little of the original Crusader structure has survived until this day. The graves of a number of nameless Frankish knights, here and there, are the only bits of evidence today evocative of their presence on the heights of Tripoli's "Pilgrim's Mountain" many...

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4.0
4y

In 1102, Raymond VI of Saint Gilles, Count of Toulouse, one of the first knights who set out on the First Crusade in 1096, turned his attention to the conquest of Tripoli, the most important emirate on the coast. Raymond wished to establish a principality that would command both the coast road and the Orontes. In 1103 Saint-Gilles who had camped on the outskirts of the city, ordered the construction of a fortress which to this day is still known by his name. The well preserved ‘Qal’at Saint-Gilles’ is still visible in the twentieth century, in the centre of the modern city of Tripoli. At the time of the arrival of the Crusaders, however, the city extended no further than the Mina’ quarter, the port, which lay at the end of a peninsula access to which was controlled by this famous fortress.

This fortress was the first ever of its kind. No caravan could reach or leave Tripoli without being intercepted by Saint-Gilles’s men.

During the Crusade period, Tripoli witnessed the growth of the inland settlement surrounding the “Pilgrim’s Mountain” (the citadel) into a built-up suburb including the main religious monuments of the city such as: The “Church of the Holy Sepulchre of Pilgrim’s Mountain”, the Church of Saint Mary’s of the Tower, and the Carmelite Church. The state was a major base of operations for the military order of the Knights Hospitaller, who occupied the famous castle Krak Des Chevaliers. In 1289, when the Mamluk occupied the city, the Mont Pèlerin quarter was set ablaze, the castle of Saint-Gilles suffered from the holocaust and stood abandoned on the hilltop for the next eighteen years. But, in 1308, The Mamluk Governor Essendemir Kurgi, decided to restore and rebuild StGilles Castle on the hill, so he incorporated what he could in his citadel, and made use of Roman column shafts and other building material he found nearby.

Many of the interior walls, ramps and terraces of the citadel seen today were built in his time. In the years that followed, various Ottoman governors of Tripoli, specially Barbar Agha, did restoration work on the citadel to suit their needs and with time the medieval crenellated battlements were destroyed in order to open ports for cannons. Very little of the original Crusader structure has survived until this day. The graves of a number of nameless Frankish knights, here and there, are the only bits of evidence today evocative of their presence on the heights of Tripoli’s “Pilgrim’s Mountain” many...

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avatar
5.0
7y

تربض مدينة طرابلس، العاصمة الثانية للجمهورية اللبنانية، فوق سهل منبسط فسيح، تغسل اطرافه الغربية مياه البحر، وتتفيأ بظلال سفوح جبال الارز، التي تتزين قممها بالثلوج من جهة المشرق، ويشرف عليها من الشمال الشرقي جبل «الفهود» تربل. تبعد عن العاصمة بيروت حوالي 80 كيلومتراً، كما تبعد عن الحدود السورية نحو 40 كيلومتراً، ويخترقها في الشرق نهر ابو علي، المتدفق من «ينبوع الحدائق» بالوادي المقدس قاديشا، وهو يفصل بين ربوتي ابي سمراء جنوباً، وقبة النصر شمالاً.

مدينة التنوع

طرابلس مدينة متكاملة بأحيائها واسواقها ودورها، وازقتها المتعرجة الملتوية والمسقوفة، ومعالمها التي تمتد من الجنوب الى الشمال، ومن الشرق الى الغرب، وتضم بين جنباتها اكثر من 160 معلماً، بين قلعة وجامع ومسجد، ومدرسة وخان وحمام وسوق، وسبيل مياه وكتابات ونقوش وغيرها من المعالم الجمالية والفنية في اسواقها القديمة يتنشق المرء عبق التاريخ، ويتنسم روح الشرق، ويشاهد الصناعات والحرف المحلية المستمدة جذورها من الزمان الخالي، ويشتري مختلف المنتوجات والحاجيات بأرخص الاسعار. تنعم المدينة ذات نصف المليون نسمة تقريباً، باعتدال المناخ، ووفرة المياه، وكثرة الفواكه والثمار، فضلاً عن حسن الضيافة وكرم الوفادة، وتواكب طرابلس بجهد ابنائها ركب التطور والحداثة مع تمسكها بإرث الاجداد، وهي كما وصفها المؤرخون: برية، بحرية، سهلية، جبلية، شامية ومصرية.

قلعة طرابلس عرفت هذه القلعة في طرابلس باسم قلعة «سان جيل» نسبة الى ريمون دي سان جيل، واشتهرت بمقاييسها الضخمة القائمة على رأس رابية تشرف على كل انحاء المدينة، وتطل على نهر قاديشا. والقلعة واحدة من سلسلة حصون وابراج، كانت في الازمنة الغابرة تحيط بالقبة والبلدة والميناء. بنى الصليبيون هذه القلعة – القصر في اوائل القرن الثاني عشر، خلال حصار المدينة، حيث اتخذوها مركزاً لحملاتهم العسكرية، وهي أقيمت على تل مرتفع يطل على المنطقة بأسرها، أطلق عليه اسم «جبل الراهب». أحرق المماليك القلعة عام 1289م، ثم أعيد بناؤها بين 1307 و 1308، على عهد الامير اسندمير كورجي حاكم المدينة آنذاك، ورممت عام 1521 م، في عهد السلطان سليمان القانوني، وفي أواخر الحكم العثماني حولها الاتراك الى سجن. حجارة القلعة رملية ناعمة، تشبه حجارة اكبر المدن في ساحل البحر المتوسط، من غزة الى الاسكندرية، وتنقسم هذه الحجارة من حيث الحجم الى نوعين: الاول بطول 90 سم وارتفاع 40 سم، والثاني بطول 25 سم وارتفاع 18 سم. اما العلامات المنقوشة على الحجارة الضخمة، فهي علامات خصائص صليبية. الدخول الى القلعة يكون عبر باب خشبي ضخم، يطل على ممر ثم على مجموعة من الغرف والأروقة والأدراج المشيدة بشكل عشوائي مثير للعجب، وفي آخر الساحة تقبع النواويس، اضافة الى متحف للاثار القديمة.

تباين معماري

في القلعة حجارة اكثر حداثة من المجموعتين السابقتين، منتشرة في كل ارجائها، وخصوصاً في ابراجها الغربية، كما ان هناك اختلافاً كبيراً في طريقة نحتها، ويمكن تقسيم الحجارة الى قسمين رئيسيين: قسم ينحرف نحته الى اليمين او الى اليسار، وقسم منحوت عمودياً من الاعلى الى الاسفل، او أفقياً من اليمين الى اليسار. القلعة مستطيلة الشكل ومتعددة الاضلاع، يبلغ طولها من مدخلها الشمالي الى أقصى طرفها الجنوبي 136 متراً، وبعرض متوسطي يصل الى 70 متراً، اما استحكاماتها فقسمان: داخلي وخارجي. الخارجي مؤلف من خندق وسلسلة ابراج وحجب، والخندق محفور في الصخر عند طرفه الغربي، وهو فوق سطح الارض عند الطرف الآخر، ويمتد من وجه البرج الرابع والعشرين الى وجه البرج الرابع، فيتجاوز بذلك طوله السبعين متراً، وعرضه بمعدل خمسة امتار، اما عمقه فيتراوح بين المترين والثلاثة امتار.

الأعمدة المرتبة

تتألف سلسلة الابراج والحجب من 25 برجاً وحاجباً. واذا خرجنا من باب القلعة الكبير وحاولنا ان ندور حول هذه السلسلة، سنرى الى اليمين واليسار برجين جددهما السلطان سليمان القانوني، وهما لا يتجاوزان الخمسة امتار ارتفاعاً. ويمكننا ان نشاهد في اعلى هذين البرجين اربع فتحات وعدداً وافراً من المكاحل، وبعض الشرفات الحربية، كذلك يمكننا ان نرى اطراف بعض الاعمدة القديمة التي استعملت لربط جدران هذين البرجين وتقويتهما، وهي اعمدة مرتبة ترتيباً هندسياً، سبعة في البرج الاول، وستة في الثاني. اذا اتجه الزائر الى اليسار نحو التحصينات الخارجية الغربية والجنوبية، يجد مركبة من سبعة ابراج واربعة حجب. ويجد في أعلاها عشر فتحات للمدافع وحوالي 10 مزاغل. اما سماكة هذه الابراج والحجب فتتراوح بين الـ 6 و 7 امتار. في القلعة عدا بابها الكبير في البرج الاول، بابان صغيران يكادان يكونان خفيين: الواحد في اسفل البرج الثاني عشر، والآخر في قاعدة البرج الثاني والعشرين، ويقال إن هناك مجموعة سراديب سرية وأقبية محصنة، تقود المرء من داخل...

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