According to local tradition, Christianity was brought to Amiens in the 3rd century CE by two Christian martyrs, known as Firmin the Martyr and Firmin the Confessor. Saint Martin was baptized at Amiens in 334. The church was suppressed by the Vandal invasions, and only resumed at the end of the 5th century, with the baptism of Clovis I in 498 or 499. The first bishop of Amiens was Edibus, who participated in a Council in 511. An early cathedral with two churches dedicated to the two Fermins is reported in documents to have existed at the site of the present church, but there is no archaeological evidence. A fire destroyed both churches and much of the city, and a Romanesque cathedral was built to replace it between 1137 and 1152. This cathedral hosted the 1193 marriage of King Philip II of France. In 1206, Amiens received a celebrated relic, the supposed chief of John the Baptist, purchased in Constantinople. This relic made Amiens an important pilgrimage destination and gave it an important source of income (The reliquary was destroyed during the French Revolution, but a recreation made in 1876 by a Paris jeweler, using part of the original rock crystal, is exhibited today in the Cathedral Treasury). A fire destroyed the Romanesque cathedral in 1218. The design for a new cathedral was made by builder Robert de Luzarches, and in 1220 Bishop Evrard de Fouilloy laid the first stone. Luzarches revolutionized the Gothic building system by using stone pieces of standardized sizes and shapes, rather than making unique pieces for each function. He was the architect until 1228, and was followed by Thomas de Cormont until 1258. His son, Renaud de Cormont, served as architect until 1288. Construction was carried out, unusually, from west to east, starting from the nave. De Cormont gave the structure its striking dimensions and harmony with the construction of the large arcades and upper windows. The nave was completed in 1236, and by 1269 the upper choir windows were installed. At the end of the 13th century, the arms of the transept were completed, and at the beginning of the 14th century the facades and upper towers were completed. During the works, chapels were added between the buttresses and in the angles of the transept. The cathedral, like other cathedrals throughout France, suffered considerable damage during the French Revolution. Much of the sculpture was struck with hammers and many statues had their heads broken. Much of the furniture and interior decoration is gone; part of the cathedral was used as a repository for materials used in various revolutionary celebrations. . Viollet-le-Duc began a more ambitious program with the aim of restoring the building as much as possible to its medieval spirit, including the addition of carved gargoyles and other legendary Gothic creatures. Viollet-le-Duc worked almost continuously on the Cathedral until 1874. The church's stained glass windows were removed to protect them during World War I and II, and the church suffered only minor damage. However, in 1920, some of the windows, which for their protection were kept in the workshop of a master glassmaker, were destroyed by a fire. Between 1973 and 1980, the flèche, or spire, was fully restored. In 1981, the cathedral was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The restoration of the west facade was completed in 2001. In 1992, art historian Stephen Murray was appointed by the French Ministry of Culture to the scientific committee to oversee the restoration of Amiens Cathedral: Murray was named an honorary citizen of Amiens and awarded a Honorary Doctorate from the University of Picardy, Jules Verne, following this work.