Basilica di San Francesco — Attraction in Bologna

Most interesting as this is first Franciscan church in Bologna and there are 3 tombs in the back suspended as monuments.

The first Franciscan conven in Bologn

The presence of the Franciscans in Bologna dates back to the beginning of the century and spread rapidly in the city, already famous as if it belonged to the university and in constant economic and demog rise. In 1211, by the will of St. Francis, in fact, the noble da Quintavalle was sent to Bologna, belonging to a rich family of merchants and cars and representative of the municipality of Assisi, who, after having met S. Franc, had renounced to all their possessions to follow "Madonna Poverty". In 121 ri from the city walls, in a place corresponding to the current plazza dei Marti if the first Franciscan settlement in Bologna called Santa María del gliole. The rapid increase in the number of those who joined the Franciscans was favored by the repeated stops that the Saint from Assisi made in Bologna. In fact g

1221 S. Francesco, during the return journey from the East, headed towards Bolo a. And the following year he returned to preach in Piazza Maggiore.

Perhaps inspired by the apostolic work carried out by the Dominicans through the sign opened at their convent, the Friars Minor invited St. Anthony of Padua - known for his profound doctrinal knowledge of him - to hold a course of studies in the city or town. In 1223 S. Antonio settled in Bologna and, for a year, held lessons in the wind of S. Maria delle Pugliole. The fame of his doctrine and the effectiveness of his edication attracted numerous scholars, some of whom later held ecclesiastical and monastic positions.

With the increase in the number of followers of St. Francis, the Minors expressed their desire to have a larger convent complex closer to the city at their disposal. For this reason, and thanks to the interest of Pope Gregory IX and the trocino of the municipal authorities, in 1236 the construction of a new land church began to be made available to the friars: a large plot located just outside the Stiera gate. While the church was being built, the construction of the conventual rooms (chapter house, dormitories, schools, library) was also started at the same time.

In June 1796, the Napoleonic troops forced the friars to abandon their headquarters. The church was used as a customs house and the monuments preserved in it were removed or transported to the Certosa. The paintings, mostly of a high pictorial level, together with the library volumes and archival documents, were transferred elsewhere. From 1886 to 1900 the convent complex and the church were affected by a

Considerable restoration work directed by Alfonso Rubbiani (1848-1913), who opted and implemented a restoration of the building in a neo-medieval sense, reconstructing Corative and structural parts and, unfortunately, landing almost all the chapels that opened along the western side of the church .

Huge damage also caused the Second World War: in 1943, a bomb hit the upper part of the facade and seriously damaged the left aisle. Till 1949, the church was restored to its original...

Do step into the basilica, which is very special indeed, with its mosaics that can be seen under water. The Basilica of San Francesco was originally consecrated to the Holy Apostles and then to Saint Peter, and dates back to the middle of the 5th century AD.

However, little or nothing remains of the old church, which was repeatedly restored over the centuries. In particular, from 1261 to 1810, and again between 1949 and today, the Franciscans chose it as their seat with the current name of St Francis.

During the restoration works in 1921 – concomitantly with the 6th centenary of Dante’s death – a lot of changes were carried out, and the Baroque superstructures were removed, giving back to the church its austere linearity, characteristic of the 14th century and more in keeping with the sensibilities of the...

Oto Basilica di San Francesco w Bolonii — przykład połączenia stylu romańskiego i gotyku francuskiego, wyjątkowy ze względu na historię, architekturę i dzieła sztuki.

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🏰 Historia i architektura • Budowę rozpoczęto w 1236 roku, a budowlę konsekrował papież Innocenty IV w 1251 roku, a ukończono około 1263 roku . • Kościół łączy w sobie styl romańsko-padewski (fasada) z gotykiem francuskim we wnętrzu — z potężnymi filarami, sklepieniami sześciodzielnymi oraz łukami przyporowymi   . • Znajduje się poza średniowiecznym obrębem miasta, przy Piazza Malpighi 9, obok bramy Porta Nova .

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🏛️ Fasada i bryła zewnętrzna • Fasada ma charakter romańsko‑gotycki, o rozplanowaniu tripartytowym i ozdobiona arkadkami oraz ceramicznymi medalionami — typowymi dla XIII wieku  . • Za nią rozciąga się potężne absydowe zakończenie z dziewięcioma kaplicami promienistymi i dwoma wieżami dzwonniczymi — jedna z nich pochodzi z końca XIII wieku, druga (wyższa, ok. 48,5 m) została dodana w latach 1397–1402 przez Antonio di Vincenzo .

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🕍 Wnętrze i dzieła sztuki • Wnętrze składa się z trzech naw wspieranych przez osiemkanciaste filary z cegły, sklepienia są gotycko-krzyżowe (ogive) w stylu północnej Francji  . • Centralnym punktem jest ołtarz główny — ogromna marmurowa pala z lat 1388–1393, autorstwa braci Jacobello i Pier Paolo dalle Masegne, ze scenami z życia św. Franciszka oraz postaciami proroków i świętych . • Wzdłuż ścian umieszczono liczne nagrobki i monumenty, m.in. tomba papieża Aleksandra V, a także jurystów Accursio, Odofredo i Rolandino de’ Romanzi — tzw. tombes des Glossators na zewnątrz przy placu .

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📚 Konwent, krużganki i biblioteka • Kompleks obejmował dawniej rozległy konwent — dziś zachowały się dwa krużganki: Cloister of the Dead (krużganek zmarłych) i wielki krużganek . • W budynkach przyległej biblioteki mieści się 39 000 woluminów, w tym archiwa zakonne i muzyczne, oraz Archiwum Rubbiani poświęcone historii konserwacji obiektu .

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🔨 Zniszczenia i odbudowy • Budynek przetrwał zniszczenia w czasie napoleońskim, kiedy został zsekularyzowany i używany jako koszary (1796–1886)  . • Odrestaurowany końcem XIX wieku dzięki działaniom Alfonso Rubbianiego; restauracja trwała do roku 1919, przywracając styl pierwotny  . • Podczas drugiej wojny światowej (bombardowania 1943 r.) wnętrze i sklepienia zostały poważnie uszkodzone. Odbudowa zakończyła się w 1948–49 roku pod nadzorem...